This volume offers an in-depth and up-to-date analysis of the legal status of Catholic religion teachers (IdR) in Italian state schools, examining the evolution of legislation from the liberal era to the most recent developments in case law. Particular attention is paid to the most current and debated issues, such as the revocation of eligibility, the precariousness of IdR teachers and the renewal of fixed-term contracts. The volume provides an in-depth analysis of the case law of the Court of Justice, which has highlighted incompatibilities between Italian and European legislation on the abuse of fixed-term contracts, while excluding discrimination on religious grounds. It is a comprehensive and up-to-date reference for scholars, legal practitioners and teachers, offering a systematic reconstruction of the complex legal status of this category of teachers in the light of national and European legislation and the most recent case law. The discussion is characterised by its analysis of sources and its focus on the practical implications of the issues examined.